FREE IELTS RESOURCES

Build stronger ideas. Use language with purpose.

Practical topic guides, skill strategies and exam-style prompts to help you prepare with greater clarity.

Free topic library

Ten common themes, ready to explore and practice.

Open any guide for useful language, a natural expression and an exam-style task. The aim is not memorisation—it is flexible, accurate communication.

01Education & learningWriting Task 2 · Speaking

Useful for discussing funding, access, teaching methods and the purpose of education.

Precise vocabulary

pedagogy · rote learning · tertiary education · curriculum · extracurricular

Natural expressions

Pass with flying colours — pass very successfully. Learn the ropes — learn how a task or role works.

Speaking Part 2

Describe a subject you enjoyed studying at school. Say what it was, how you were taught, who taught you and why you enjoyed it.

Try this: Explain one feature of the teaching and connect it to its effect on your learning.

02Environment & climateWriting Task 2 · Problems and solutions

Move beyond general claims by naming causes, consequences and realistic responses.

Precise vocabulary

sustainable · carbon footprint · biodegradable · deforestation · ecosystem

Natural expressions

A drop in the ocean — an amount too small to have much effect. The tip of the iceberg — the visible part of a much larger problem.

Writing Task 2

Some people think environmental problems are too large for individuals to solve. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Try this: Separate individual action from government and corporate responsibility before forming your position.

03Work & careersSpeaking · Writing Task 2

A broad theme covering workplace change, motivation, pay and work–life balance.

Precise vocabulary

remuneration · job satisfaction · career progression · redundancy · flexible working

Natural expressions

Climb the corporate ladder — advance through an organisation. Burn the midnight oil — work or study late at night.

Speaking Part 3

How has the workplace changed in your country over the past 20 years? Could a four-day week become normal?

Try this: Compare one past feature with the present, then explain what caused the change.

04Travel & tourismSpeaking Part 2 · Writing Task 2

Explore personal journeys alongside tourism’s economic, environmental and cultural effects.

Precise vocabulary

itinerary · ecotourism · commercialised · pristine · cultural heritage

Natural expressions

Off the beaten track — away from popular places. Catch the travel bug — develop a strong desire to travel.

Speaking Part 2

Describe a memorable journey. Say where you went, how you travelled, why you went and what made it memorable.

Try this: Organise the story around a turning point or vivid moment instead of listing events.

05Technology & the internetWriting Task 2 · Speaking Part 3

Discuss AI, communication, access, privacy and the changing role of technology.

Precise vocabulary

automation · cybersecurity · digital literacy · obsolete · virtual interaction

Natural expressions

Cutting-edge — highly advanced or innovative. Not rocket science — not especially difficult to understand.

Writing Task 2

Technology makes communication easier but may also increase isolation. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Try this: Define what “isolation” means before evaluating whether technology causes it.

06Health & fitnessSpeaking Part 3 · Writing Task 2

Common questions examine diet, inactivity, prevention and public responsibility.

Precise vocabulary

sedentary lifestyle · preventive medicine · detrimental · public-health campaign · holistic

Natural expressions

Under the weather — feeling slightly unwell. Fit as a fiddle — in very good physical health.

Speaking Part 3

Should governments heavily tax unhealthy foods? How can schools encourage children to be more active?

Try this: Consider effectiveness, fairness and unintended consequences when evaluating a policy.

07Cities & urbanisationWriting Task 2 · Problems and solutions

Useful for housing, transport, migration, public space and infrastructure.

Precise vocabulary

infrastructure · cosmopolitan · gentrification · urban sprawl · overpopulation

Natural expressions

Concrete jungle — a densely built city with little green space. Hustle and bustle — busy, noisy urban activity.

Writing Task 2

More people are moving to cities, but urban life can be difficult. What are the main problems and how can they be solved?

Try this: Match every proposed solution directly to a problem you have already explained.

08Crime & punishmentWriting Task 2 · Discussion essay

Use measured, objective language to discuss prevention, sentencing and rehabilitation.

Precise vocabulary

deterrent · juvenile delinquency · rehabilitation · petty crime · reoffend

Natural expressions

Caught red-handed — caught while committing an offence. Turn a blind eye — deliberately ignore wrongdoing.

Writing Task 2

Some believe longer prison sentences are the best way to reduce crime; others prefer alternatives. Discuss both views.

Try this: Evaluate each approach against the same criteria: deterrence, public safety and reoffending.

09Media & advertisingSpeaking · Writing Task 2

Discuss influence, credibility, consumer behaviour and the circulation of information.

Precise vocabulary

sensationalism · impartial · manipulated · target audience · censorship

Natural expressions

Take it with a pinch of salt — treat a claim with scepticism. Hot off the press — newly published or announced.

Speaking Part 2

Describe an advertisement you remember well. Say where you saw it, what it promoted, what happened and why you remember it.

Try this: Explain the technique that made the advertisement memorable, not only its content.

10Culture & traditionsWriting Task 2 · Speaking Part 3

Explore globalisation, language, identity and changes in social practices.

Precise vocabulary

assimilation · indigenous · folklore · cultural preservation · global village

Natural expressions

Culture shock — confusion when encountering an unfamiliar culture. A melting pot — a place where cultures and ideas mix.

Writing Task 2

Traditional customs are being lost as people adopt modern lifestyles. Is this a positive or negative development?

Try this: Distinguish traditions that carry social value from practices that may reasonably evolve.

Use these guides well

Turn useful language into usable language.

Reading a list creates recognition. Retrieval and application create learning.

  1. 1
    Choose one themeRead the vocabulary and check each meaning.
  2. 2
    Plan before answeringDevelop two ideas rather than collecting many.
  3. 3
    Respond in your own wordsUse new language only where it fits naturally.
  4. 4
    Review the evidenceNotice what was clear and select one improvement.
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